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Assembly and Solderability Issue (04/2002)

This issue of The Board Authority is a first. It combines two distinct, yet closely related disciplines: Assembly and Solderability. They go together like wine and cheese, Laurel and Hardy—you get the picture. The solderability preservation of the bare board is generally the responsibility of the PWB fabricator. However, quality of the assembled PWB is generally measured by the strength and long-term reliability of the solder joint. Of course, there are a number of factors and variables that affect the solder joint. The surface finish quality is only one such factor. The other factors and variables are introduced in the assembly process itself. Wave solder parameters, the IR reflow profile, type of flux or solder paste used, temperature of assembly, flux application techniques, etc., can all influence the quality of the solder joint. That is why we were so determined to bring the readers a combined issue that would not only serve as a reference, but would also provide a better understanding of issues that both the fabricator and assembler face. We hoped to accomplish this through the support of CircuiTree and the expertise of industry leaders who agreed to commit this expertise to writing.

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The Demand for Environmentally Friendly(er) Materials
Section 70
by DAN FEINBERG
Is it real, public relations, or a form of eco-blackmail? Here's an opinion piece that uses recent survey data.
$ 9.00 USD
The Evaluation of Tin Silver Bismuth and Tin Silver Copper No-Lead Solder Pastes and Reflow Techniques
Section 66
by JIM RABY AND DAVID HELLER
An evaluation of the latest developments in no-lead formulations and fluxes as well as improved profile shapes and pad metalization.
$ 9.00 USD
Plated Through Hole Reliability with High Temperature Lead Free Soldering
Section 50
by JOE SMETANA
A discussion of accelerated testing using air-to-air thermal cycling to evaluate the effect of higher temperatures on plated through hole (via) reliability. Also studied during the testing were the effects of copper weight, aspect ratio, and the use of (or non-use of) non-functional pads.
$ 9.00 USD
Improved Fault Coverage in a Combined X-ray and In-Circuit Test Environment
Section 36
by JOE KIRSCHLING
This article compares traditional in-circuit test strategy to a combined X-ray/ in-circuit test environment. It examines and summarizes results of fault coverage and functional test yield studies.
$ 9.00 USD
To System-Test or Not to System-Test...
Section 34
by DUNCAN C. GRAY
An overview discussion of when, or if, to use system testing.
$ 9.00 USD
Board Finishes for the EMS Provider
Section 30
by BRUCE HOUGHTON
Some new alternative PWB surface finishes have been entering the industry over the past few years. The discussion covers some general issues with each finish, followed by a summary of some of the advantages and disadvantages of each finish.
$ 9.00 USD
SMT Equipment and Requirements for a Contract Manufacturer
Section 26
by NIGEL J. PALMER
An historical overview of SMT equipment and requirements compared to the needs of today's contract manufacturer.
$ 9.00 USD
The Evolution of Mass Soldering
Section 20
by MARC APELL AND KEITH HOWELL
The past, present, and possible future of wave and reflow soldering.
$ 9.00 USD
Silver & Change: A Tale of Silver, Copper, Nickel and Gold
Section 14
by DONALD CULLEN
This article describes case histories of OEMs who have transferred specification to silver. Each type of OEM has a unique set of reasons for spending the time to re-specify board finish. As the selection for silver trickles down throughout the electronics supply chain, legions of engineers and procurement staff at every level become aware of this new technology.
$ 9.00 USD

Individual Articles

An Overview of Processes and Solderability Performance of HASL Alternatives
Section 4
by GEORGE MILAD AND GERARD O'BRIEN
A series of surface finish alternatives to HASL are now available to board designers, manufacturers, and assemblers. Each has its strengths and its limitations. There are potentially many options for the PWB designer/assembler to choose from. How to choose the right finish is the challenge.
$ 9.00 USD
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$ 50.00 USD